Nikolai Berdyaev (1874-1948) was a religious and political philosopher, a sociologist, a representative of Russian existentialism and personalism.
Nikolai Berdyaev became one of the leading figures of the movement that criticized the ideology of the Russian revolutionary intelligentsia. This trend first announced itself with the collection of articles Problems of Idealism (1902), then collections Landmarks (1909) and Out of the Depths (1918), which gave a sharply negative assessment of the role of radicals in the Russian revolutions of 1905 and 1917. Berdyaev wrote many articles and books, including The Meaning of the Creative Act and The Meaning of History.
After the revolution of 1917, he founded the Free Academy of Spiritual Culture that existed for three years from 1919 until 1922.
In September of 1922, he was expelled from the USSR. He lived first in Berlin, and then moved to Paris in 1924. He was the editor of the journal of Russian religious thought The Pathway and actively participated in the European philosophical process.
Among the books published by N. Berdyaev in exile are the New Middle Ages (1924), the Destiny of a Person. Experience of Paradoxical Ethics (1931), On Human Slavery and Freedom. The Experience of Personalistic Philosophy (1939), The Russian Idea (1946), The Experience of Eschatological Metaphysics. Creativity and Objectification (1947). The books published after N. Berdyaev’s death are Self-Knowledge. An Essay in Autobiography (1949), The Spirit Realm and the Kingdom of Caesar (1951) and others.
The postage stamp features a portrait of N. Berdyaev and his works.
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